广东省中山市小榄镇1453名居民鼻咽癌防治知识问卷调查分析

Analysis of questionnaire investigation on knowledge about prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma among 1453 residents in Xiaolan Town,Zhongshan City,Guangdong Province

目的:了解鼻咽癌高发区居民对鼻咽癌防治知识的知晓情况,并探讨其影响因素。方法:采用整群抽样的方式,从中山市小榄镇抽取两个有代表性的社区,在30～59岁年龄段居民中,随机调查1 453名居民,采用现场一对一的方式进行问卷。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨防癌知识影响因素。结果:调查对象对鼻咽癌危险因素的知晓率均>50%,二级预防知识的知晓率均<50%,1 453名调查对象中54.2%认为早期鼻咽癌能治好,46.9%知道早期鼻咽癌治疗后生存>10年,63.0%知道亲属中有患鼻咽癌的应多做筛查,居民不参加筛查的主要原因是对筛查认识不够、查出病后有心理负担。经多因素Logistic回归分析,性别对居民关于鼻咽癌危险因素认识的影响有统计学意义,教育水平对居民关于鼻咽癌二级预防认识的影响有统计学意义,P值均<0.05。结论:调查人群对鼻咽癌防治知识的掌握不平衡,年龄因素、性别、受教育程度影响人群对鼻咽癌防治知识的认知度。开展公众健康教育,使居民认识鼻咽癌筛查的好处,树立居民鼻咽癌防治的信心是提高鼻咽癌筛查参与率的关键因素。

OBJECTIVE：To understand the cognition condition of residents in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） high risk areas to ward the NPC prevention and treatment knowledge, and investigate the affecting factors. METHODS： Two representative communities were selected by random cluster sampling method in Xiaolan Town, Zhongshan City. In 1 453 residents aged from 30 to 59 years, oneto one questionnaire interviews was conducted. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors on different aspects of NPC prevention knowledge. RESULTS： More than half of the residents knew all the risk factors of NPC. On the other hand, less than half of the residents were aware of the secondary prevention knowledge. With 54.2%（788/1 453） subjects knowing that NPC in early stage can be treated, 46. 9M （560/1 453） subjects knew that more early stage NPC patients have a more 10year survival rate, and 63.0% （916/1 453） subjects were aware of more screening should be con ducted in subjects who have relatives of NPC. Most of subjects con sidered that residents who did not participate screening were because of unawareness of the advantage of screening and psychic burden of the disease. Multiple logistic regression results showed that sex and education level were independent factors of awareness of risk factors （P〈0.05） and secondary prevention knowledge （P〈0.05） in NPC, respectively. CONCLUSIONS： It shows that knowledge on all aspects of NPC is unbalance in different residents. Sex and education level are the two main influential factors. Further public education in NPC screening in these endemic areas can be a key step to increase the rate of NPC early detection.