西部地区大学生科学推理能力研究——以宁夏大学为例

A Survey of Undergraduates' Scientific-Reasoning Ability in China Western Area——A Case Study of Ningxia University

采用美国俄亥俄州立大学(OSU)Lei Bao教授改进的Anton.E Lawson科学推理能力测试题(中文版),对西部地区本科生从专业、性别、年级等因素进行科学推理及各维度的能力调查,结果显示西部地区大学生科学推理成绩普遍偏低。各维度发展不平衡,其中逻辑推理能力成绩最低。性别差异对科学推理能力基本没有影响,仅在控制变量推理上有显著性差异,专业及年级差异对科学推理能力有显著性影响,主要是在概率推理与多层次假设推理等方面有显著差异。

The undergraduates of western area（Ningxia University） were surveyed by using Lawson＇s Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning（LCTSR） modified by professor Lei Bao of the Ohio State University（OSU） to explore the students＇ scientific-reasoning ability and the dimensions-reasoning abilities.The results show that scores of western-area undergraduates＇ scientific-reasoning ability is low and the dimensions-reasoning abilities in Ningxia University are unbalanced.The gender gap is not an important factor on scientific-reasoning ability,only impacting control of variables.But the differences of majors and grades are important factors on scientific-reasoning ability,mainly impacting probability reasoning and many-layers hypothetical reasoning.