新疆维吾尔自治区汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族人群正常血压和高血压前期状况分析

Survey on the situation of normal blood pressure and prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region

目的 探讨新疆维吾尔自治区汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族35岁及以上成年人正常血压和高血压前期分布状况,高血压前期的患病率及其危险因素.方法 采用整群随机抽样法,对新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、阜康市、吐鲁番地区、和田地区、阿勒泰地区、伊犁哈萨克自治州7个市及地区汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族35岁及以上成年人进行血压和危险因素情况的横断面调查.结果 共随机抽取新疆维吾尔自治区汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族35岁以上人群16 460名,实际完成调查的人数共14 618名.正常血压占24.90%;高血压前期患病率标准化后为34.24%,其中汉族为37.34%,维吾尔族为32.95%,哈萨克族为30.62%.男性高血压前期患病率高于女性（35.58%比31.53%,P〈0.01）.45岁及以上男性和女性汉族和维吾尔族人群高血压前期患病率均随年龄增长而呈降低趋势,35岁及以上男性和女性哈萨克族人群高血压前期患病率随年龄增长而呈降低趋势（P均〈0.05）.多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,甘油三酯≥1.7 mmol/L、年龄≥45岁、空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L和体质指数≥24.0 kg/m2是高血压前期的危险因素,女性是高血压前期的保护因素.结论 新疆维吾尔自治区35岁及以上汉、维吾尔和哈萨克族人群中正常血压者较少,而高血压前期的患病率较高,并与多种危险因素相关.

Objective To investigate the situation of normal blood pressure and prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population ≥35 years old of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.Methods Random samples were used to analyze the incidence of normal blood pressure and prehypertension in 3 nationalities based on data from Han, Uygur and Hazakh residents living in 7 areas （Urumqi,Ke lamayi, Fukang, the Turfan Basin locality, Hetian locality, Altay locality,and Yili Hazakh autonomous prefecture） in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.Results A total of 16 460 subjects were selected with cluster sampling, and eligible data of 14 618 subjects were actually analyzed in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population ≥35 years old of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.Incidence of normal blood pressure was 24.9% and the prevalence of prehypertension was 34.24% （35.6% fro male and 31.5% for female, P〈0.01） in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population ≥35 years old in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.The prevalence of prehypertension was 37.34%, 32.95% and 30.62% in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population, respectively. The prevalence of prehypertension decreased with increasing age in Han and Uygur population ≥45 years old, and in Hazakh population≥35 years old （all P〈0.05）.Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertriglyceridemia≥1.7 mmol/L, age≥45 years old, fasting plasma glucose≥7.0 mmol/L and body mass index≥24.0 kg/m2 were risk factors while the female was a protective factor of prehypertension. Conclusion The people with normal blood pressure is few and the prevalence of prehypertension is high in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population ≥35 years old of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, and it is associated with many risk factors.