神经外科危重患者医院获得性肺炎原因分析及护理对策

Analysis on the reason and nursing strategy in neurological critical patients with nosocomial pneumonia

目的分析神经外科危重患者医院获得性肺炎的危险因素及护理对策,为临床护理工作提供参考。方法对神经外科2008-2009年108例危重患者医院获得性肺炎患者的临床资料进行回顾性调查,分析诱发因素、病原菌种类及分布,探讨护理对策。结果医院获得性肺炎病原菌主要为鲍氏不动杆菌占28.69%、肺炎克雷伯菌占27.89%、金黄色葡萄球菌占12.75%、大肠埃希菌占6.77%、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌占6.37%;诱发因素为疾病因素、各种侵入性诊疗技术及某些药物的使用。结论神经外科危重患者医院获得性肺炎的预防应采取综合性护理干预对策,切实降低感染率,提高抢救成功率。

OBJECTIVE To analyze on the risk factor and nursing strategy of nosocomial pneumonia in patients with neurological critical patients and provide reference for clinical nursing. METHODS One hundred and eight nosocomial pneumonia patients from 2008-2009 were involved in the retrospective review. Inducing factor and pathogens distribution were analyzed. The nursing strategy was approached. RESULTS Nosocomial pneumonia pathogen mainly are ：Acinetobater banmannii （28.69 % ）, Klebsiella pneumoniae （27.89 % ）, Staphylococcus autens （12.75%）, Escherichia coli （6.77%）, Burkholderia（6.37%） etc. Disease factoy, invading technology and the usage of certain drugs are the inducing factors. CONCLUSION General nursing intervention should be adopted to prevent nosocomial pneumonia in neurological critical patients. And to low down the infection rate and to promote the successful rate of treatment.