美国学派：推进美国经济崛起的国民经济学说

The American School:The National Economic Theory that Fostered the Economic Rise of the United States

保护主义和内向型工业化道路是美国经济崛起的秘诀,美国学派为之提供了由"生产率立国、保护性关税、国内市场、利益和谐与国民银行"构成的一整套国民经济学说和政策方针。这是一种有关落后国家特别是发展中大国如何实行经济赶超的经济学说,对德国和日本的崛起也产生了重要影响。在遭遇国际金融危机、美国保护主义抬头和全球化有可能发生重大变化的今天,重新发掘美国学派关于美国经济崛起的经济学逻辑,对于我国启动内需、重新审视外向型发展战略的得失和研究大国崛起的历史经验,具有现实意义。

Protectionism and domestic-oriented industrialization was the secret of the economic rise of the United States,a rise for which the American School provided a whole set of theories and policies of national economics including 'productivity as the basis,protective tariffs,a domestic market,harmonization of interests and a national bank.' This economic doctrine of how backward countries,large developing countries in particular,can realize economic catch-up,also had an important influence on the rise of Germany and Japan.Against the background of the international financial crisis,the rise of American protectionism and the possibility of great changes in globalization,reexamining the economic logic of the American School in relation to the economic rise of the U.S.is of practical relevance for China's expansion of domestic demand,reevaluation of its export-oriented development strategy and study of the historical experience of the rise of great powers.