中国侦探小说的发生及其意义

The Emergence of Detective Fiction in China and Its Significance

在中国古代历史上,只有公案小说而无现代意义上的侦探小说。侦探小说源于西方的启蒙时代,中国侦探小说是中西文化碰撞的产物,它的发生与中国文化消费市场的形成、现代城市的出现、司法制度的建立、现代社会思潮的产生有着密不可分的关系。中国侦探小说的发生经历了由译介、仿作到自创三个阶段,至20世纪上半期产生了一批具有广泛影响的侦探小说作家与作品。中国现代意义上的侦探小说蕴含着启蒙思想和现代科学精神,并体现出某种程度的开放性、科学性以及现代性等特征。中国侦探小说的发生不仅加快了中国小说文体的现代化进程,而且还对中国现代社会的思想、文化以及法制建设等都具有非同寻常的意义。

Traditional China knew only stories based on court cases,and had no detective fiction in the modern sense.In the West,detective fiction originated from the enlightenment era,whereas Chinese detective fiction,as an outcome of Sino-Western cultural collision,is closely related to the emergence of the cultural consumer market,the modern city,the judicial system and favorable intellectual trends in Chinese society.Chinese detective fiction went through three stages:translation,imitation and creation.A group of influential writers and works emerged in the first half of the twentieth century.Chinese detective fiction in the modern sense implies enlightenment thought and a modern scientific spirit and displays a certain degree of openness,scientific character and modernity.The emergence of Chinese detective fiction has accelerated the stylistic modernization of Chinese fiction and is of great significance for the intellectual,cultural and legal construction of modern Chinese society.