CAT和SPRCA技术在不规则抗体筛查试验中的应用

The application of CAT and SPRCA in unexpected antibody screening

目的评估柱凝集技术(CAT)、固相红细胞粘附技术(SPRCA)技术与试管PEG-IAT技术在不规则抗体筛查中检测结果的一致性及对不同稀释度阳性样本的检出能力。方法对199例申请输血患者随机样本分别采用CAT、SPRCA与试管PEG-IAT3种技术平行进行不规则抗体筛查试验,分析阳性检出率,对检测结果进行一致性检验(kappa检验)。对4例阳性样本分别采用3种技术进行稀释度研究,比较可检测到红细胞同种抗体的最大稀释度差异。结果 CAT、SPRCA与试管PEG-IAT技术在199例不规则抗体筛查中检测结果完全一致(kappa=1)。SPRCA技术可检测到红细胞同种抗体的最大稀释度高于其他2种技术。结论 3种技术均可用于不规则抗体筛查试验。对于弱反应抗体或低效价抗体的检测,应选择灵敏度较高的检测技术。

Objective To evaluate consistency of the testing results in unexpected antibody screening by CAT,SPRCA and tube PEG-IAT,and the ability to detect the diluted positive specimens with unexpected antibody.Methods 199 random specimens of patients who applied for blood transfusion were performed unexpected antibody screening parallelled by tube PEG-IAT,CAT and SPRCA.The positive rate and the consistency between CAT,SPRCA and tube PEG-IAT were analyzed.Four positive specimens with unexpected antibody were tested for antibody titers parallelled by three methods.The highest dilution rate of tested red blood cell alloantibody between CAT,SPRCA and tube PEG-IAT were compared.Results The test results of 199 specimens in unexpected antibody screening by CAT,SPRCA and tube PEG-IAT methods were completely consistent（kappa=1）.SPRCA could detect higher diluted positive specimens than the other two methods.Conclusions All three methods are suitable for unexpected antibody screening.The more sensitive methods should be applied for weak antibody or low titer antibody detection.