栽培型和野生型黄花蒿提取物对朱砂叶螨杀螨活性比较

Comparison of acaricidal bioactivity of natural and cultivated Artemisia annua leaves acetone extracts against Tetranychus cinnabrinus

研究了野生型和栽培型黄花蒿叶丙酮提取物对朱砂叶螨的生物活性。结果表明:栽培型和野生型48 h的LC50分别为0.295和0.567 mg.ml-1,以栽培型的杀螨毒力较高;对2种提取物进行柱层析分离,野生型最终分离出19个馏分,栽培型分离出17个馏分,其中野生型的第11馏分与栽培型的第13馏分的杀螨活性在2.5 mg.ml-1,处理48 h的校正死亡率均为100%,与其他组分存在显著性差异;将杀螨活性较好的馏分进行毒力测定得出,处理48 h,野生型馏分11的LC50为0.120 mg.ml-1;栽培型馏分10、12和13的LC50分别为0.144、0.163和0.117 mg.ml-1。表明栽培型黄花蒿叶丙酮提取物对朱砂叶螨的触杀活性优于野生型。

A laboratory test was conducted on the acaricidal bioactivity of natural and cultivated Artemisia annua leaves acetone extracts against Tetranychus cinnabarinus.The LC50,48 h of natural and cultivated A.annua leaves acetone extracts was 0.295 and 0.567 mg·ml-1,respectively,i.e.,the acetone extract of cultivated A.annua leaves had a higher acaricidal bioactivity.By column chromatography,a total of 19 and 17 fractions were isolated from the natural and cultivated A.annua leaves acetone extracts,respectively.At the concentration 2.5 mg·ml-1,the 11th fraction of the extract of natural A.annua leaves and the 13th fraction of the extract of cultivated A.annua leaves could kill all test mites after treated for 48 h.The toxicity test showed that the LC50,48 h of the 11th fraction of the extract of natural A.annua leaves was 0.120 mg·ml^-1,and the LC50,48 h of the10th,12th,and 13th fractions of the extract of cultivated A.annua leaves was 0.144,0.163,and 0.117 mg·ml^-1,respectively.This study suggested that the acaricidal activity of the acetone extract of cultivated A.annua leaves against T.cinnabarinus was superior to that of the natural A.annua leaves.