森林冠层食叶昆虫取食水平的定量方法与研究进展

Feeding level of folivorous insects in forest canopy: Quantitative methods and research advances

森林冠层叶片被取食水平具有高度的时空变异性。本文论述了定量冠层昆虫取食水平的研究意义和方法,分析了各类取样方法和技术的优缺点,并对国内相关研究案例进行了评述。本文将定量冠层食叶昆虫取食水平的研究方法区分为针对绿叶样品的方法和针对落叶样品的方法。对冠层内绿叶的取样包括破坏性采叶法和原位连续观测法,依据取样技术又可分为基于地面的取样技术和基于冠层的取样技术。针对落叶样品的研究方法是指通过对林分内的凋落叶进行系统性采样、测定叶面积缺失比例、继而评估林分尺度上冠层昆虫取食水平的方法。文末提出了与森林昆虫取食相关的3个重点研究领域。

There is a great spatiotemporal variability in the feeding level of folivorous insects in forest canopy.This paper discussed the significance of quantitatively determining the feeding level of folivorous insects in forest canopy,introduced the related approaches,including sampling design and leaf area analysis,and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of each of the approaches.Comments were given to the related researches in China.The research approaches for quantitatively estimating this feeding level were categorized as the approaches based on green leaf samples and those based on fallen leaf samples,and the sampling techniques were classified as canopy-based and ground-based.The approaches based on green leaf samples included destructive leaf sampling and in situ continuous observation;while those based on fallen leaf samples were to collect the fallen leaves within forest stand,measure the percentage of leaf area lost,and then,estimate the feeding level at forest stand scale.Three key research areas related to the feeding level of folivorous insects in forest canopy were proposed.