黄河三角洲自然湿地动态演变及其驱动因子

Dynamic evolution of natural wetlands in Yellow River Delta and related driving factors

以1989、2000和2009年3期LandsatTM和ETM+影像为基本数据源,结合地理信息系统技术与实地考察校正,分析黄河三角洲自然湿地的演变动态及其驱动因子。结果表明,受水盐等因素的影响,自然湿地的分布在空间上呈现出规律性变化。1989—2000年,黄河三角洲的自然湿地面积的年变化率为-0.3,动态度为3.1,而在2000—2009年,其年变化率为-1.8,动态度为5.1,表明自然湿地面积变化情况有所加剧。对湿地变化原因的分析表明,黄河水情是自然因素中最重要的方面,部分自然湿地亚类之间存在相关性;养殖池、水田建设等人为因素与自然湿地的减少有着显著的相关性,灌草地减少则与居民和工矿建筑用地增加有密切关系。

Based on the 1989,2000,and 2009 Landsat TM/ETM＋ images of Yellow River Delta,and in combination with GIS approach and validation-on-spot,this paper analyzed the dynamic evolution and its driving factors of natural wetlands in the Delta.Under the effects of water and salinity,the spatial distribution of the natural wetlands presented a regular change pattern.The annual change gradient and dynamic degree of the natural wetlands area was-0.3 and 3.1 in 1989-2000,and -1.8 and 5.1 in 2000-2009,respectively,indicating an accelerated change of the natural wetland area in 2000-2009.Many factors affected this change,of which,the water regime of Yellow River was the main driving factor.There existed definite correlations between parts of the natural wetlands.Human factors such as the construction of culture pond and the reclamation for paddy field contributed to the reduction of natural wetlands.The increasing construction land was the main reason for the reduction of bush-grass lands.