不同高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基小麦品种(系)的粒重增长特性分析

Study on Grain Weight Growing Property of Bread Wheat with Different Types of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits

为给小麦高产优质育种提供参考,以黄淮麦区35个主栽小麦品种(系)为材料,利用SDS-PAGE电泳技术对其进行了高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基鉴定,并对各参试品种的灌浆特性进行了分析。结果表明,35个黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)中Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1位点分别只有2、5和4种亚基类型,分别以Null、7+9和2+12亚基为主,所占比例分别为71.4%、45.7%和62.7%。依据Glu-B1和Glu-D1位点的亚基特点,将参试品种(系)分为三类。对这三类品种(系)的灌浆期粒重增长特性分析发现,第I类(亚基组合:7+8/2+12)品种(系)灌浆速率较快,最终粒重较高;第II类(亚基组合:7+9/2+12)品种灌浆持续时间较长,但灌浆速率不及第I类,最终粒重较高;第III类(亚基组合:7/5+10或7+8/5+10)品种(系)灌浆持续时间较短,且灌浆速率较慢,最终粒重不高。三类品种(系)相比,粒重增长速率在灌浆前期基本相同,但35 d以后,第III类品种(系)粒重增长速率明显减慢,这可能是导致其最终粒重显著低于前两类品种(系)的主要原因。

To provide information for quality wheat breeding,a total of 35 wheat cultivars from Huang and Huai wheat region of China were used to identify their components of high molecular weight glutenin subunits（HMW-GS） and investigate their grain-filling property.Based on SDS-PAGE analysis,there were 2,5 and 4 different HMW-GS on Glu-A1,Glu-B1and Glu-D1,respectively,among the surveyed bread wheat cultivars from Huang and Huai wheat region of China.Of them,subunits null,7＋9,2＋12 were predominant with percentages of 71.4%,45.7% and 62.7%,respectively.Furthermore,all wheat cultivars surveyed were classified into three groups of group I（7＋8/2＋12）,group II（7＋9/2＋12） and group III（7/5＋10 or 7＋8/5＋10） according to types of HMW-GS on Glu-B1and Glu-D1.Analysis on the influence of three HMW-GS groups on the grain-filling property indicated that there were no obvious difference at early filling stage on the grain-filling rates between the three groups,while the grain-filling rate of group III was clearly slower than those of other two groups after 35d,which resulting in the final grain weight of the group III significantly lower than that of the others.