枪械自动机冲击疲劳试验机加载机构设计优化及性能分析

Design Optimization and Performance Analysis of Loading Mechanism of Impact Fatigue Test Machine for Firearm Automaton

针对目前研究枪械自动机关键件寿命试验手段不足的问题,设计了一种冲击疲劳试验机。根据自动机工作载荷的特殊性,主要研究冲击疲劳试验机的冲击加载机构。运用遗传算法对加载机构的主要构件凸轮机构进行优化计算,优化后的加载机构体积减小28%.用冲击脉宽、冲击脉冲峰值、冲击冲量描述冲击脉冲,以冲击质量、冲击速度、冲击接触刚度kc、冲击刚度ke作为调节变量。通过数值仿真计算方法得出调节变量与冲击脉冲间相互关系,得到冲击脉冲调节方法及性能参数。分析结果对设计专用型枪械自动机冲击疲劳试验机具有参考价值。

An impact fatigue test machine was designed in order to test the life of critical components in firearm automaton under repetitive impact load.The structure of loading mechanism was developed for the special requirements of impact fatigue test of automaton.The parameters of the cam in the loading mechanism were optimized by using a genetic algorithm.The optimized loading mechanism was decreased in volume by 28%.The impact pulse was characterized by width,peak value and impulse of impact pulse,and four variables,i.e.impact mass,velocity,contact stiffness kc and stiffness ke could be taken as the adjustment parameters.The adjustment method and performance parameters of impact pulse were obtained by calculating the relation between variables and impact pulse.The results are important for the design of impact fatigue test machine.