文化研究与后马克思主义

Cultural Study and Post-Marxism

后马克思主义是西方马克思主义在后现代以非学院化与去学科性的文化研究为主要方式与种种前沿理论的复杂互动。它们有着德法英美源头与主脉,对马克思主义既是挑战又有在低谷中的复兴作用。在"理论之后"西方知识左翼面临危机,盛极而衰,期待着新人、新思维和新理论。新近,日本后马克思主义者柄谷行人从康德到马克思的"跨越式批判",把经济视野带回文化研究。他以消费者的联合实现资本-民族-国家解体的共产主义途径,仍然是一种新乌托邦。与之相对,杰姆逊提出维护福利国家"大政府"实现剩余价值再分配的方案,则比较接近马克思关于资本自身否定的逻辑。这是一种"回到马克思"之超越。

Post-Marxism is a complex interaction between western Marxism in post-modern era featured by non-academy and non-disciplinary cultural study and various pioneering theories. They have German, French, American and British origin and main line, which challenge and revival Marxism. In the ＂post-theory＂ time, western intellectual left-wing were confronted with crisis and declined so they expected new-comers, new ideas and theories. Recently, a Japan post-Marxist, Kojin Karatani＇s leapfrog criticism from Kant to Marx brought economic field of vision back to the study of Kant and culture. It is still a kind of new Utopia since he achieved the Communist path by dismantling capital-nation-country through the combination of consumers. By contrast, the plan of protecting welfare countries＇ re-distribution of surplus value proposed by Jameson is close to Marx＇s logic of capital＇s self negation. This is a transcendence of ＂back to Marxism＂.