舟山饮用水源中铁锰污染及其成因分析

Discussion on the Characteristics and Causes of Iron and Manganese Pollution in Drinking Water Sources in Zhoushan,Zhejiang Province

根据2008年8月到2009年12月对浙江省舟山本岛与普陀山岛的饮用水源的水质监测数据,分析了舟山饮用水源中铁、锰污染特征,并结合各类饮用水源的本身特性,探讨了铁、锰超标成因。结果表明:舟山水库与河流中铁、锰浓度在6～11月较高,铁、锰浓度超标主要发生在9～11月。个别水库中铁、锰浓度在夏季呈现明显的垂直分布规律。舟山大陆引水中铁、锰浓度全年均较高,铁、锰浓度超标更严重。舟山水库与河流中铁、锰浓度主要受当地水文地质环境、降雨和台风等自然因素影响,水体中高浓度有机质和高含盐量也促进了铁、锰浓度的增加。水库中铁、锰浓度的垂直分布主要受水库季节性缺氧影响。舟山大陆引水中铁、锰浓度主要受引用的姚江水水质和输水过程中的二次污染影响。

Based on the water quality monitoring data of drinking water sources developed from August 2008 to December 2009 on the Zhoushan Island and Putuoshan Island in Zhejiang Province,the characteristics and causes of water pollution by iron and manganese were discussed.The results indicated that iron and the manganese concentrations in reservoirs and rivers of Zhoushan were high from June to November.Iron and manganese concentrations exceeding the Surface Water Environment Quality Standard（GB3838-2002） of 0.3 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L,respectively,and mainly appeared from August to November.Iron and manganese showed a typical vertical distribution in some reservoirs in summer.Iron and manganese concentrations in the continent raw water diverted from the Yaojiang River to the Zhoushan Island were high all the year round.The release of iron and manganese from soils or rocks and some natural factors such as rainfall and typhoon could influence the iron and manganese concentrations in the rivers and reservoirs.Besides,high organic matter concentrations and salinities in the water body would lead to high iron and manganese concentrations.The vertical distribution of iron and manganese in the reservoirs was mainly influenced by seasonal oxygen shortage.Iron and manganese concentrations in the continent raw water diverted from the Yaojiang River to the Zhoushan Island were mainly influenced by the water quality of the Yaojiang River and the secondary contamination when the water was transported by the long-distance steel pipelines.