南京夫子庙游憩者地方感特征及其规划意义

Characteristics of Recreationists' Sense of Place and Its Implication in Planning:A Case Study of the Nanjing Confucius Temple Block

地方感研究为认识人与城市空间的关系提供了一个新的视角。以南京夫子庙为案例的研究发现,①夫子庙游憩者地方感具有基于历史、认同、记忆、想象的怀旧体验特征和秦淮风情、孔圣文教、商贾文化三个维度的结构特征,孔圣文教、秦淮风情的地方性特征得到了游憩者的高度认同;②游憩者对夫子庙的历史风貌具有较高的评价,游憩者认为夫子庙景观整体上反映的是六朝和明清时期的历史风貌;③游憩者对南京夫子庙历史文化风貌的地方感,以及对夫子庙呈现的六朝风月、明清风貌和怀旧特征的地方性的认同具有普遍性;④游憩者对夫子庙历史文化的体验缘于这些景观唤起了游憩者对历史场景的记忆和想象,唤起——评价机制是夫子庙游憩者地方感形成的重要机制。游憩者地方感研究对城市历史街区游憩空间的规划设计具有一定的现实指导与借鉴意义。

In the process of rapid urbanization,building an urban outdoor recreation space with local characteristics and historical and cultural meaning is of practical importance.Understanding the meaning and value of urban space and the relationship between people and urban space is the prerequisite and basis for the construction of this kind of urban space.Sense of place research offers a new perspective for understanding their relationships.This paper takes the Nanjing Confucius Temple block,an urban residents＇ outdoor recreational place and 5A tourism area,as a study subject,and measures its recreationists＇ sense of place with 5-point likert scale.Results show that Confucius Temple recreationists have a sense of place characterized by nostalgic experience based on history,identity,memory,and imagination,consisting of three dimensions of Qinhuai flavor,Confucius and imperial examination,and Commercial culture.Appreciating Qinhuai scenery is the most important recreation motivation of Confucius Temple recreationists,and historical and cultural landscape is the most attractive factor.Recreationists have high appraisal to the historical style and features of the Confucius Temple block.The local features of Confucius and imperial examination,Qinhuai flavor are highly recognized by recreationists.Significant differences of sense of place do not appear between different groups of recreationists,which illustrates that recreationists have the similar sense of place about the historical style and features of Confucius Temple block.Six dynasties romantics,Ming and Qing dynasties style and the local features of nostalgia in the Nanjing Confucius Temple block have received recreationists＇ extensive recognition.For both residents and tourists,the Confucius Temple block is a promising place for visiting Six dynasties and Ming and Qing dynasties history.Recreationists＇ experience of Confucius temple history and culture comes from recreationists＇ memory and imagination of historical scene aroused by these historical landscapes.Evocation-Evaluation is an important formation mechanism of sense of place of Confucius temple recreationists.This paper also states that establishing planning methods and procedures based on recreationists＇ sense of place and public participation,building recreation places with distinctive local characteristics and rich meanings,and taking cautious attitude towards the invasion of foreign cultural landscapes are significant approaches of urban historic district planning.Study on the sense of place of urban historic district recreationists provides not only practical guidance and reference for planning and design of urban historic district and recreation space,but also a new perspective for the theory and method research of modern urban planning and design.