台风桑美的路径、强度分析

Path and Strength of Saomei Typhoon

2006年8月10日,超强台风"桑美"在浙江温州登陆,成为50年来登陆中国大陆最强的台风,具有近海突然增强、中心气压低、风速大、降雨集中、发展迅速、移动快等特点。台风登陆后深入内陆,减弱缓慢,给浙江、福建、江西、湖南等省造成严重损失。本文对"桑美"的路径和强度特点进行分析研究,为中国台风成因分析与预测预报提供一些参考资料,为以后应对此类自然灾害提供参考。

On August 10, 2006, the super typhoon Saomai landed in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province. It is the strongest typhoon landed in Chinese inland since 1949. Saomai seriously affected the coastal areas of eastern China, and caused 25 billion US dollars in losses. Saomai caused serious damages to the Zhejiang, Fujiang, Jiangxi, Hunan Province, respectively. Saomai characters in term of the path and the strength are analyzed in order to give a reference to the analysis and prediction of the typhoon in the thture. The results show that there is a quite close relationship between the moving path of the typhoon and the environmental wind field around the typhoon. Therefore, environmental wind field around typhoon must be considered while predicting the path of typhoon. The Saomai is reinforced by small vertical wind shear and strong upper divergence. The strong upper divergence is in favor of production of surface convergence, and then enhances the strength of the typhoon. Among the tactors tot enhancing the typhoon, the change in its scale also needs to be considered. The typhoon horizontal scale shrinking makes the typhoon energy concentrate, and then enhance the intensity of the typhoon. The emergence of negative divergence field at upper air, the vertical wind shear, landfall, and other factors are the main reasons for its slowing down.