厢堂之制与安顺屯堡区楼居发展的困境

Rules of Central Room and Wings,and the Plight of the Development of the Storeyed Buildings in Anshun Tunpu Zone

纲常礼制与庭院的结合,使庭院周边房间产生了尊卑位序;建筑被赋予了伦理道德的价值。唐宋以来的儒学复兴发展到明朝体现为对礼制的事无巨细的规定,服装和居住起到了将繁琐礼制具体化到日常生活的教化作用;对尊卑位序的强调使住宅形式趋向单一化。屯堡人的神榜体现了家国同构的神祗供奉关系,堂屋成了家庭中的"神圣空间"。在住宅竖向发展中,厢堂之制成了楼居发展的羁绊;虽经多种改进仍然难以完成向现代楼居的转变。

The room surrounding the ground had the order of hierarchy rank because of combination of the traditional etiquette and the courtyard.So buildings was given a moral value.The Confucian revival since the Tang and Song to the Ming Dynasty,expressed as the micromanager of the provisions of etiquette.The clothing and housing played a complicated ritual specific to educate the daily life.The housing tent to form a single residential for the emphasis on hierarchy rank.The gods worshiped by the Tuen people reflected the structure of the relationship between family and nation,and the central room transformed to sacred space in family.The rules of central room was the fetters of development of storeyed buildings after residential development in the vertical.It was still difficult to complete the transformation to a modern storeyed buildings despite many improvements.