应用运动处方对冠状动脉搭桥术后患者生活质量的影响

Effect of exercise prescription to life quality in patients＇ after coronary artery bypass grafting

目的探讨运动处方对提高冠脉搭桥术患者术后生活质量的效果。方法采用便利抽样、非同期对照的方法将105例患者分为实验组（61例）和对照组（44例），对照组按照常规进行康复锻炼，实验组制定针对性的运动处方，并由责任护士对患者进行具体指导。比较分析两组患者术前和术后的各种考核指标。结果两组患者出院时各项指标比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。出院1个月后实验组基础心率、基础血压较对照组下降但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），至3个月时实验组基础心率较对照组明显下降，差异有统计学意义[（79．764±7．41）比（82．41±7．25）次／min，t=-2．1689，P〈0．05]，基础血压较对照组明显下降，氧分压较对照组明显上升（P〈0．05），6个月时进一步改善；同时运动时最大呼吸频率也有明显下降[（33．22±2．72）比（37．56±3．52）次／min，t=-6．631，P〈0．01]。结论运动处方可有效改善冠脉搭桥术（CABC）患者术后的恢复情况，有效增加患者的运动耐受性和提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To discuss the effects of exercise prescription on the patients＇ life quality underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods 105 patients involved in via convenience sampling were divided into experimental group （ n=61 ） and control group （ n=44 ）, control group received rehabilitation exercise routinely, experimental group followed targeted exercise prescription and primary nurse instructed them in exercise. To compare and analyze the indexes of two groups before and after operation. Results There were no differences in all the indexes between the two groups at discharge time （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. One month after discharge, basic heart rate and blood pressure in exercise group were lower than those in control group, there was no statistical difference（ P 〉 0.05 ）. Compared with control group, basic heart rate decreased significantly in exercise group three months after discharge [ （79.76±7.41 ） vs （ 82.41±7, 25）, t =-2. 168 9, P 〈 0. 05 ], and blood pressure decreased significantly in exercise group three months after discharge, and oxygen pressure increased significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, which were even better at six months after discharge. Meanwhile, max exercise respiratory rate decreased in exercise group [ （33.22±2.72） vs （37.56±3.52）, t =-6. 631, P 〈 0. 01 ]. Conclusions Exercise prescription can be effective in improving patient＇ s rehabilitation condition after coronary artery bypass grafting, effectively increase the patient＇s exercise tolerance and life quality.