健康体检者59091例心电图分析

ANALYSIS OF ELECTROCARDIOGRAM SIGNALS OF 59 091 CASES FROM A PHYSICAL EXAMINATION CENTER

目的观察分析健康体检者心电图的异常发生率,以便早期发现心血管疾病。方法对59 091例健康体检者的心电图资料按年龄、性别进行分组,并对出现的异常心电图进行分析。结果检出异常心电图12 832例(21.72%)。各年龄段男性心电图异常率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。≤50岁和>50岁异常率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。异常心电图类型以窦性心动过缓为主。高血压患者5 302例,异常心电图1 704例(32.1%),非高血压患者53798例,异常心电图11 128例(20.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病3 689例,异常心电图1 355例(36.7%),非糖尿病患者55 402例,异常心电图11 477例(20.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心电图异常率与年龄、男性所占比例呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。各类型异常心电图中ST-T改变、各种期前收缩、房室传导阻滞、束支传导阻滞、心房颤动、房室肥大和陈旧心肌梗死发生率随年龄增大而升高(P<0.05)。窦性心动过速和窦性心动过缓与年龄无明显相关性(P>0.05),窦性心律不齐发生率随年龄增大而降低(P<0.05)。结论异常心电图在健康体检者中的检出率很高,并且随年龄的增长而升高,男性异常心电图检出率高于女性,应加强高龄人群心电图的定期检查。

Objective To analyze the rate of abnormal electrocardiogram （ECG） and find the cardiovascular diseases earlier. Methods The clinical data of 59 091 cases from the physical examination center were reviewed and grouped according to age and gender. The abnormal EC（; was assessed. Results A total of 12 832 cases （21.72%） with abnormal ECG were checked out. The rate of abnormal ECG in male group was higher than that in female group across all age groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was also a significant difference between the age below and above 50 years old （ P 〈 0.05 ）、Sinus bradycardia was the most common type of abnormal ECG. The rate of abnormal ECG in hypertension cases was 32.1% , higher than 20.7% in the cases without hypertension （P 〈 0.05 ）. This result was the same as diabetes mellitus （P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of abnormal ECG was related positively with age and the proportion of male cases （P 〈 0.05 ）. The rates of ST - T change, all kinds of premature, atrioventricular block, bundle branch block, fibrillation, heart hypertrophy and healed myocardial infarction increased with age （P 〈 0.05 ）. Sinus tachycardia and sinus bradyeardia had no relation with age （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The rate of sinus arrhythmia decreased with age （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The rate of abnormal ECG is high in cases from the physical examination center, and increases with age. It is higher in male than female. The regular ECG examination should be strengthened in aged population.