后现代:人的“个体化”进程的加速

The Accelerate Process of "Individuation" of Post-modern People

20世纪60年代,世界进入了后工业时代、高科技和信息时代、全球化时代、消费时代。随之,社会的"去一体化"和多元化,以及人的"个体化"进程不断加速。当代西方哲学家和社会学家如安东尼.吉登斯、乌尔里希.贝克等,对"个体化"在当今时代的表现形式作了深入研究。贝克认为,启蒙运动所追求的"人的解放"的理想,其实具有明显的两面性。一方面,它把人从自然和社会的强制下解放出来,使人获得独立自主、自己决定自己命运的权利,但另一方面,个体化被推向极端后,人又陷入了新的困境,导致人的"异化"日益加剧。当今西方社会的现实已经证明,所谓人的绝对自由和解放不过是一个虚幻不实的乌托邦幻想而已。

1960s,the world entered the post-industrial era,high technology and information era,the globalization era,and consumer age.As a result,the processes of the pluralism of community,as well as the individuation of people,accelerate.Contemporary Western philosophers and sociologists,such as Anthony Giddens,Ulrich Beck,etc.,have made thorough researches on the forms of individuation in current age.Baker believes that the ideal of human liberation pursued in Enlightenment,in fact,has obvious dual sides.On the one hand,it literates men from the coercion of nature and society.Thus people gain independence and the right to decide their own destiny.In the other hand,when the individuation is pushed to the extreme,the people sink into the new dilemma,resulting in increasing 'alienation'.The reality of today's Western society has proven that the so-called people's absolute freedom and liberation,but is a unreal utopian fantasy.