妇女生殖生育状况的出生队列分析

Birth cohort trends on women's reproductive fertility

目的：了解不同出生队列妇女生殖生育状况的变化趋势。方法：采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,由经过统一培训的调查员对泸州地区年龄在30~70岁的妇女进行问卷调查。结果：随着出生年代渐晚,妇女月经初潮年龄提前,绝经年龄在全部绝经队列中无明显变化,平均初产年龄延迟,平均怀孕及分娩次数减少,流产及剖宫产次数增多,平均哺乳时间缩短,选择避孕套和避孕药的比例增加。结论：该研究为指导有关部门开展妇女保健工作,促进妇女养成良好的行为、生活方式提供了客观依据;应进一步开展多次的横断面调查探讨近年妇女的绝经年龄是否有提前趋势。

Objective：To study the women＇s reproductive fertility in different birth cohort.Methods：The investigators interviewed the women aged 30 to 70 by the uniform questionnaire by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method.Results：Overall,advanced in the age of menarche showed no significant changes in age at menopause;delay in the age of first birth,reducing in the average times of pregnancy and childbirth,rising in the average times of abortion and cesarean section shortened the time of breast-feeding,and increased proportion of condoms and contraceptives..Conclusion：It will provide an objective basis for Family Planning department to guide women＇s health and behavior of living,and it is necessary to explore whether there is an early trend in menopause age by further cross-sectional survey of women in recent years.