1,2,4-三氯苯硝化合成2,4,5-三氯硝基苯的研究

Study on the Synthesis of 2,4,5-Trichloronitrobenzene from 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene by Nitration

从工业应用的角度考察了１ ，２ ，４ － 三氯苯硝化合成２ ，４ ，５ － 三氯硝基苯的过程。通过多次试验，得到以下优化工艺条件：以工业硫酸和发烟硝酸配制的混酸为硝化剂，＝１－０３ ，Ｄ．Ｖ．Ｓ＝ ４ ．８ ，加酸温度在５０ ℃，保温反应温度为６０ ～７０ ℃，在此条件下，反应转化率达到９７ ％ 以上。

The nitration of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene to produce 2,4,5-trichloronitrobenzen was investigated at different conditions.The optimal operating conditions are as flows:the molar ratio of nitric acid to 1,2,3-TCB is 1.03～1.05 ;the dehydration value of sulphuric acid is 8.0;the acid phase is composed of 37.5% HNO 3,60%H 2SO 4,and 2.5%H 2O,and the temperature is about 50℃ when the mixed acid is added and no more than 70℃ afterward.