中国水泥与混凝土工业的现状与问题

CEMENT AND CONCRETE INDUSTRIES IN CHINA ——PRESENT STATE AND PROBLEMS

４０ 多年来中国水泥工业快速发展，到１９９７ 年，产量达５１０ Ｍｔ，但立窑水泥占８０％ ． 当前中国水泥工业成为高耗、低效、环境相容性差的行业． 中国预拌混凝土已在大城市中逐渐推广，高强度、高性能混凝土也已较多地采用． 由于木材与钢铁紧缺、价昂，从６０ 年代起建立水泥制品工业，生产大量品种繁多的水泥制品． 在节代钢铁、木材与满足建设和人民生活需求方面发挥很大作用．

The Chinese cement industry has developed very rapidly over the past forty years. The annual cement production reached as high as 510 Mt in 1997, however, with 80% of the cement production coming from vertical shaft kilns. The cement industry is marked with its high energy consumption, low efficiency and environment pollution. In China ready_mixed concrete has been gaining its popularity in large and medium cities. High strength concrete and high performance concrete have been utilized fairly plenty. With large quantity of cement products of different varieties, our cement product industry, established in early 60s, has played a great role in saving and replacing steel and timber and in satisfying the needs of constructions. The future demand for cement and concrete is growing faster due to China′s need for basic infrastructure and residential building. We are facing great opportunities and challenges and must double our efforts to work on the technological development and fundamental research so as to set the Chinese cement and concrete industries on the right way of sustainable development.