人工诱发产蛋鸡脂肪肝出血综合征的研究

Experimental fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens

通过外源性注射雌激素、高能低蛋白日粮及不同油脂来源的高能日粮人工诱发蛋鸡FLHS。90只40周龄海兰灰商品蛋鸡常规笼养,随机分为9组(10×9):基础日粮组、基础日粮注射玉米油组、基础日粮注射β-雌二醇组;高能低蛋白日粮组、高能低蛋白注射玉米油组、高能低蛋白日粮注射β-雌二醇组;牛油高能日粮组、鸡油高能日粮组、豆油高能日粮组。每天记录产蛋数,每周记录采食量,第24天称重后剖杀所有试验鸡,观察肝脏出血程度。结果表明,各组采食量、增重没有显著差异。注射β-雌二醇极显著降低了产蛋率(P<0.01),注射玉米油和日粮处理对产蛋率没有显著影响。注射β-雌二醇极显著升高了肝脏出血指数(P<0.01),注射玉米油对肝脏出血指数没有显著影响;鸡油高能日粮使肝脏出血指数显著升高(P<0.05);高能低蛋白日粮和牛油高能日粮使肝脏出血指数升高,豆油高能日粮使肝脏出血指数降低,但差异均不显著。各组FLHS发生率分别为0%、10%、80%、30%、20%、70%、20%、40%、0%。可见外源性注射雌激素可作为实验室诱发蛋鸡FLHS的有效手段;鸡油高能日粮对FLHS有显著的诱发作用;高能低蛋白日粮和牛油高能日粮对FLHS具有一定的促发作用;豆油高能日粮对FHLS没有诱发作用,一定程度上有降低FLHS发生的趋势。

To induce experimentally fatty liver hemorrhagic syndromes （FLHS） in laying hens by exogenous β- estradiol injection,high energy and low-protein level diets, and high-energy diets with different kinds of fat. Ninety 40 week Hailanhui commercial laying hens were randomly allocated to 9 groups （10 × 9） ： Group 1 fed basal diet,group 2 fed basal diet and injected intramuscularly with corn oil,group 3 fed basal diet and injected i. m. β- estradiol,group 4 fed high-energy and low-protein diets,group 5 fed high-energy and low-protein diets and injected i. m. corn oil,group 6 fed high-energy and low-protein diets and iniected i. m. β-estradiol, group 7 fed tallow high-energy diet,group 8 fed chicken fat high-energy diet,group 9 fed bean oil high energy diet. Egg production was recorded daily and feed intake recorded weekly. At the 24 day all birds were weighed, sacrificed,and hepatic hemorrhage were observed. All treat ment had no significant effect on feed intake and weight gain （P〉0.05） ;exogenous β- estradiol injection decreased significantly egg production （P〈0.01）, while corn oil injection and diet treatment had no effect on egg production. The injection of β- estradiol increased significantly hepatic hemorrhage score （P〈0.01） ,which was not influenced by corn oil injection. Chicken fat high-energy diet raised significantly hepatic hemorrhage score （P〈0.05） which was increased by high energy and low-protein diet and tallow high-energy diet respectively and decreased by bean oil high-energy diet without significant difference （P〈0. 05）. The incidence of FLHS from group 1 to group 9 were, 0%, 10%,80% ,30% ,20% ,70% ,20% ,40% ,0% ,respectively. The injection of exogenous 13 estradiol could be as an effective means to induce experimentally FLHS in laying hens;high-energy diet of chicken fat induced FLHS signifi cantly; high-energy and low-protein diet and the diet of tallow high-energy promoted the development of FLHS; high energy diet of bean oil could not induce FLHS and had potential to prevent FLHS.