粉末活性炭应急处理原水中镉突发污染的研究

RESEARCH ON EMERGENCY TREATMENT OF ACCIDENTAL CADMIUM POLLUTION OF RAW WATER BY POWDERED ACTIVATED CARBON

以黄浦江上游水源地取水口突发镉污染为背景,研究了粉末活性炭(PAC)吸附技术对镉污染源水的应急处理效果。小试考察了PAC投加量、吸附时间对吸附消减镉效果的影响,同时模拟上海松浦原水厂工艺进行中试研究,探寻了PAC吸附对突发镉污染源水的实际处理效能。小试结果表明,PAC对低超标倍数的镉突发污染的去除率随投加量的增大显著提高,而针对高含量的镉突发污染,则处理能力有限。中试结果表明,针对超标5倍的镉突发污染,投加40 mg.L-1的PAC,可处理至超标2倍以内;镉分别超标10倍、50倍和100倍时,投加50 mg.L-1的PAC,去除率分别为58%、38%和41%,出水镉含量超标约为5倍、31倍和60倍。可为可能突发的镉污染事故应急处理提供技术支持。

In the background of cadmium pollution occurred suddenly in HuangPu upriver source water,emergency treatment efficiencies of cadmium by powdered activated carbon（PAC） adsorption was developed.Jar tests were conducted to investigate the influence of PAC dosage and adsorption time on the removal efficiency of cadmium.At the same time,the pilot study was conducted to investigate the optimum PAC dosage according to the jar tests by simulating process of Songpu raw water plant in order to explore the adsorption capacity in emergency treatment.The jar results showed that increasing in PAC dosage cought enhance removal rate of cadmium with low concentration notably,but little improve for high concentration cadmium.The pilot tests showed that： the initial cadmium concentration with 5 times of standard value can be decreased to below 2 times by adding 40 mg·L-1 PAC.When the initial cadmium concentration exceed standard value 10,50 and 100 times,removal efficiency was 58%,38% and 41% respectively by adding 50 mg·L-1 PAC,and the final cadmium concentration exceed standard value about 5 times,31 times and 60 times.Thus,through jar tests and pilot tests,it could provide technical support for emergency treatment with cadmium-polluted accident.