乡村文化的衰落与留守儿童的困境

Decline of Rural Culture and Plight of Left-Behind Children

留守儿童问题是在社会转型的大背景下,农民向城市流动所引发的一个重要的社会现象,其不仅是政策问题、制度问题,更是文化问题。面对现代文化的冲击,现实中的乡村文化与原本的传统文化、乡村历史记忆出现了断裂,农村陷入了较为严重的文化危机、伦理及秩序危机,乡村文化的衰落,乡村社区缺乏生机与活力,乡村文化价值体系的解体,直接导致了乡村儿童精神世界的荒芜,加剧了留守儿童身上所表现出的问题的严重性。为了解决此问题,我们需要从重建乡村文化和加速城市化进程两个方面展开努力,通过建设乡村公共文化、发展集体主义理念、重建乡村认同、改革乡村学校教育、协调城乡发展,从根本上解决留守儿童问题。

The issue of left-behind children is an important social phenomenon when the farmers move into cities at the time of social transformation.It is not only a problem of policy,or a problem of institution,but also a cultural issue.Under the impact of modern culture,there is a disconnection between the current rural culture,the local traditional culture,and the historical memory of the village.The countryside experiences serious crises of culture,ethics and order.The rural culture declines,the village communities lack of vigor and vitality,the value system of rural culture collapses,which directly bring the poverty of spiritual world to the rural children,and intensifies the seriousness of the problem of the left-behind children.To settle this issue,it is necessary for us to rebuild the rural culture,and to speed up the urbanization,by way of building rural public culture,developing collective ideology,rebuilding rural cognition,reforming the rural school education and coordinating the rural and urban development,to ultimately solve the problems of the left-behind children.