《小世界》中的聚焦策略及模式分析

Analysis of the Technique and Mode of Focalization of Small World

《小世界》是英国校园小说家戴维·洛奇的代表作,是其最成功的作品。该作品不仅受到学界的好评,获得了重要的奖项,而且受到读者们的普遍欢迎。这部小说在叙事上的成功很大程度上得益于作者对聚焦的灵活运用。《小世界》总体上是全知型的外部聚焦,但是在不同的部分对聚焦权进行了灵活地调节和控制,在叙述过程中有时也采用了人物的内部聚焦。本文将从人物刻画、情节设计和主题表现等方面对《小世界》体现的复杂的聚焦手段进行分析。

Small World,which is not only praised by the scholars but also takes the fancy of a wide range of readers,is both the most successful work and master work of English campus novelist David Lodge.To a large extent,the success of the novel＇s narration is due to the author＇s smart use of focalization.Overall,Small World is narrated through omniscient external focalization,but during the narration,the focusing range is flexibly regulated and controlled and sometimes internal focalization is adopted accordingly.This paper will try to analyze the specific function of focalization of Small World in terms of characterization,plot and theme.