中东欧社会转型中的新民粹主义探析

An Analysis of the Neo-Populism during the Social Transformation of the Middle and East Europe

处于第三次浪潮中的中东欧新民粹主义既具有传统民粹主义的特点,又具有新的时代特征。20世纪90年代,新民粹主义政党开始在中东欧国家出现,但并没有成为主流政治力量。进入21世纪,尤其是中东欧国家相继加入欧盟后,新民粹主义政党的影响力大增,在许多国家先后上台执政。虽然新民粹主义的活跃时期能持续多久是一个未知数,但可以肯定的是,作为中东欧国家转型过程中出现的一种新力量,它将在民主政治框架内发挥着一种"晴雨表"的作用,从而成为代议制政治宽容性的考验标准。

During the time of the Third Wave,the Neo-Populism in the Middle and East Europe not only bears some similarities with the traditional Populism,but at the same time carries the characteristics of the new era.In the 1990s,the Neo-Populist parties appeared in the Middle and East European countries.However,they didn't become a mainstream political force at that time.Ever since the 21st Century,and especially after the Middle and East European countries joined the European Union,the profile of the Neo-Populist parties has been greatly heightened and they came to power in many countries successively.Although it is unknown how long the Neo-Populism would be an active actor at the political stage,what is certain is that as a new force in the social transformation process of the Middle and East European countries,it will undoubtedly serve as a 'barometer' within the framework of democratic politics and a test standard for the tolerance of representative politics.