神经血管单元与卒中后神经保护

Neurovascular unit and poststroke neuroprotection

神经血管单元是探索中枢神经系统病理生理学的一个新模式，其组分构成复杂的网络维持神经元的稳态微环境。文章从神经血管单元各组分间稳态变化、相关疾病以及神经血管单元保护等方面进行综述，重点对神经血管耦联、神经血管单元的离子信号、通道调控、神经血管再生和营养因子以及缺血性卒中神经血管单元的病理学变化和相关防治方法进行讨论。

Neurovascular unit is a new paradign to explore pathophysiology of central nerve system. Its components constitute complex networks for maintaining the steady-state microenvironment of neurons. This article reviews the steady-state changes, related diseases, and neurovascular unit protection among all the components of neurovascular unit, mainly focuses on the neurovascular coupling, ion signal of neurovascular unit, channel regulation, neurovascular regeneration and nutritional factors, as well as the pathological changes of neurovascular unit of ischemic stroke and related control methods.