脑淀粉样血管病的病理生理学机制

Pathophysiologic mechanisms in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

脑淀粉样血管病（cerebral amyloid angiopathy，Chh）以软脑膜和皮质中小动脉壁内的β-淀粉样蛋白沉积为特征，是老年人的常见脑血管病变之一，与阿尔茨海默病、脑出血、脑梗死和白质脑病相关。CAA分为遗传性和散发性2种形式，以后者居多。文章就散发性CAA的病理生理学机制研究进展，特别是脑组织β-淀粉样蛋白的产生和清除机制进行了综述。

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy （CAA） is characterized by leptomeningeal and β- amyloid deposition in arteriole wall in cortex, and it is one of the common cerebral vascular diseases in the elderly. It is correlated with Alzheimer＇s disease, intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction and lcukoencephalopathy. CAA is divided into hereditary and sporadic types, and the latter is most common. This article reviews the advances in research on the pathophysiological mechanisms of sporadic CAA, particularly the production of β-amyloid protein and clearance mechanism in brain tissue.