儿童再生障碍性贫血转化急性淋巴细胞白血病并文献复习

One case report of children aplastic anemia transform to acute lymphocytic leukemia and literature review

目的 探讨儿童再生障碍性贫血转化为急性淋巴细胞白血病的特点及其可能原因.方法 对儿童再生障碍性贫血转化为急性淋巴细胞白血病的临床资料、细胞形态学、骨髓活检病理、流式细胞仪免疫分型结果进行分析,并结合文献进行复习.结果 19例儿童首发全血细胞减少,诊断为再生障碍性贫血;经过1～4周自然缓解或治疗后缓解;但间隔1~10个月发展为急性淋巴细胞白血病.结论 儿童再生障碍性贫血是急性淋巴细胞白血病前期表现;再生障碍性贫血转化为急性淋巴细胞白血病的临床资料及在疾病发展中多种技术联合诊断,有助于提高急性淋巴细胞白血病前期的诊断.

Objective To explore the characteristics and possible causes of the transformation of aplastic anemia（AA） to acute lymphoblastic leukemia（ALL） in children. Methods Clinical data and results of cell morphology analysis,bone marrow biopsy and immunological typing by flow cytometry（FCM） of 1 case of patient with the transformation of childhood AA to ALL were analysed and related literatures were reviewed. Results 19 cases of patients with pancytopenia were preliminarily diagnosed with AA, achieved natural remission or post therapy remission 1--4 weeks after treatment, but the transformation to ALL occurred 1- 10 months after preliminary diagnosis. Conclusion Childhood AA might be the representation of pre ALL with its own clinical and laboratory features. It＇s could be useful for the diagnosis of pre-ALL by analyzing the related clinical information and using the corn bined detection of various diagnostic methods.