不同气候带间成熟林植物叶性状间异速生长关系随功能型的变异

Within-leaf allometric relationships of mature forests in different bioclimatic zones vary with plant functional types

为研究不同生物气候带内植物叶片大小与叶柄干重间的异速生长关系,探讨不同植物功能型对叶内异速生长关系的效应,在黑龙江呼中、吉林长白山、北京东灵山、浙江古田山、湖北神农架和四川都江堰6个地区,选择典型地带性成熟林进行主要木本植物的叶片和叶柄性状的测定与统计分析。结果表明:不同功能型和气候带植物叶片干重、面积、体积均与叶柄干重之间存在着显著的异速生长关系,共同斜率分别为0.82、0.70和0.80,均显著小于1.0。在相同叶柄干重下,灌木较乔木支持更大的叶片体积,但它们支持的叶片干重与叶片面积无显著差异;常绿植物在给定叶柄干重下较落叶植物支持更高的叶片干重与体积,但其支持的叶片面积小于落叶植物;除神农架地区外,在给定叶柄干重下,亚热带的古田山、都江堰地区的植物较温带地区的植物支持更大的叶片干重、面积与体积,而亚热带神农架地区的植物叶柄支持的叶片大小(面积、体积、干重)与温带地区相近。结果表明,叶柄限制了叶片的不断增大(包括面积、体积和干重),叶片和叶柄之间的异速生长关系受功能型、气候带及生境条件的影响。

Aims Our objectives are to determine allometric relationships between petiole mass and lamina mass, area, and volume in different bioclimatic zones and to detect the effect of plant functional types on the relationships. Methods Typical and zonal mature forests were selected from boreal Huzhong, temperate Changbai Mountain, warm-temperate Dongling Mountain, subtropical Gutian Mountain, Shennongjia and Dujiangyan in China, and one 1 hm2 plot was investigated at each site. Traits of lamina and petiole of the dominant woody species were measured in August 2009. The relationship between lamina and lamina support was analyzed by the Standardized Major Axis estimation （model type II regression） with software （S）MATR Version 2.0. Important findings Statistically significant allometric scaling relationships were found between petiole mass and lamina mass, area, and volume in all functional types and climate zones, with common slopes of 0.82, 0.70 and 0.80, respectively, all of which significantly departed from 1.0. Shrubs had greater lamina volume at a given petiole mass than trees, but the lamina mass and area they support were not significantly different. Evergreen spe-cies were observed to have greater lamina mass and lamina volume than deciduous ones, whereas deciduous spe-cies had a greater lamina area at a given petiole mass than evergreen ones. With the exception of Shennongjia, the species in subtropical sites were found to have greater lamina mass, lamina area, and lamina volume than temper-ate sites at a given petiole mass. However, the petiolar support efficiency in the subtropical climate of Shennongjia was close to sites in temperate climate. Our results indicate that the petiole constrains the maximization of lamina size （including mass, area and volume） and that the allometric relationship between lamina and lamina support varies with plant functional type, climate and habitat.