工程移民的生计变迁与文化适应——以泸沽湖机场移民为例

PROJECT IMMIGRANTS' LIVELIHOOD CHANGE AND CULTURAL ADAPTATION——CASE STUDY OF LUGU LAKE AIRPORT RESETTLEMENT

在实地调查和深入访谈的基础上,对泸沽湖机场建设移民搬迁后移民的生计转变、文化调适和社会整合等进行了阐述和分析。研究表明,从高寒山区下移安置到现居地后,移民原有的生计模式、经济结构、饮食习俗和居住格局纷纷被打破重构,同时还面临家支血缘关系网络解体、宗教信仰和观念淡化以及精神文化缺失等社会和心理方面的冲击与挑战。相关研究应加强对移民文化变迁、社会适应和心理认同的关注,从人本出发促进移民地区的文化融合与和谐发展。

On the basis of field investigation and deep interviews carried out in Lugu Lake Airport of Ninglang county,the immigrants＇ livelihood change,cultural adaptation and social integration were studied and analyzed.Research results showed that after the immigration from high mountains to current residence,the immigrants not only have undergone great changes in terms of livelihood mode,economic structure,dietary practice and living patterns,but also were confronted with social and psychological challenges induced by the disintegration of kinship networks,dilution of religious beliefs and missing of spiritual culture.It was advocated that pertinent researches place more emphasis on the cultural change,social adaptation and psychological identification those immigrants have experienced,so as to achieve harmonious fusion of different cultures and prosperous development of resettlement areas.