论《诗经》雅颂的天人观

On the Idea of the Heaven and Man in Book of Poetry

天人观是中国文化的母题,渗透到民族精神与民族意识的各个方面。《诗经》雅颂里充满了诗意化的天人思想:先民们从"天生万物"而萌生了"天生人"的观念,天被视为有生命的实体(上帝),它成了最高伦理道德的化身(天道);因君为天之子,故天君同道,君应有德,顺天保民(王道),否则君违天道,王位将倾。这种天君同道思想是基于现实的苦难和先民对理想政治的追求;这种诗化思维,对天的神化与对君的控制并存,其结果是在现实性的虚幻中实现了理想化的满足。

The idea of the Heaven and Man, a motif of Chinese culture, pervades almost every aspect of Chinese national spirit and national consciousness, and the hymns and odes of Book of Poetry is imbued with this idea poetically. Deriving from the concept that the Heaven creates everything on earth, our ancestors came up with the thought that fostering human beings, the Heaven is figured as the physical manif the heavenly way heaven, he is obli estation of life （God）, thus embodying the highest moral and ethic norms （namely ）. Now that the monarchy, as the son of God, engages in the same pursuit as the ged to comply with the moral norms in the way of conforming to the mandate of Heaven and protecting his subjects （namely the kingly way）. If the monarchy violates the norm, he will be overthrown. Such engagement in the same pursuit is concepturized on the basis of the realistic sufferings and idealistic politics of our ancestors. This poetic idea not only apotheosizes the Heaven but also dominate the monarchy. As a result, the idealism is achieved in the virtual reality.