农业干旱与农田水利治理机制——以湖北省沙洋县为例

The Study of Irrigation Management in the Context of Agricultural Drought——The Survey in Shayang County,Hubei Province

新时期的小型农田水利建设出现了一系列问题,如大中小型水利系统脱节;市场化管理失序;农民用水户协会水土不服,无法发挥作用等,导致农田水利建设缺乏统一规划,农民被排除在外,管理混乱;妨碍了农业综合生产能力的提高,致使农业干旱连年发生。新时期农田水利的治理是一项系统工程,要从农田水利建设和管理两方面入手,统一规划。建议国家财政出资建立农田水利治理专项补贴,恢复统筹灌溉模式;恢复水利工程管理单位的事业单位性质,重构管理运行机制;强化乡镇水利服务中心的职权,恢复其管理职能;设置新的村民小组长,加强基层治理体系建设;农田水利是准公共品,要加强国家宏观调控,强化政府责任。

Irrigation is the lifeblood of agriculture.After the reform of rural taxes and fees,the government started the construction of water conservancy in new ways.The government has increased the input into the construction of farmland water conservancy,and the government has changed the backward situation of water conservancy.However,a series of problems emerged,for example,irrigation system out of touch,market management disorder,WUA acclimatized.The water authorities should plan for water conservancy.The state should set up a special financial subsidies.We should restore the project management unit of the nature of public institutions,At the same time,we should strengthen the building of grassroots organizations.Irrigation is a quasi-public goods,the government must take responsibility.