论司法归类中的逻辑思维技术范式

Logical thinking skill module in judicial classification

对司法归类中事实与规范的关系问题,概念法学派、历史法学派与自由法学派一直存在争论,哈特和考夫曼对其均进行了批判。法官运用法律时有法律适用与法律发现两种方式,相对应的是,存在着涵摄与等置两种逻辑思维技术范式:其相同之处在于都试图将事实与规范连接起来;不同之处在于涵摄直接通过种属概念之间的包含关系来沟通规范与事实,而等置则通过比较事实是否具有法律意义的同一性来判断事实要件是否符合对应的构成要件。

As for the relationship between fact and regulation in judicial classification,different opinions have been among school of conceptualist jurisprudence,school of historical jurisprudence and free law school.All of the divergences get to be criticized by Hart and Kauffman.There are two ways for the judge when the law is in use,i.e.application of law and discovery of law.Correspondently,there exist two logical thinking skill modules：subsuming and equivalence.The common is that both are trying to connect fact and regulation together.For the difference of these two,the subsuming is a way by direct inclusion relation of generic specific concepts to connect regulation and fact,while equivalence is to judge if the elements of fact are suitable for the correspondent parts by comparing the identity of facts＇ legal significance.