野生荞麦营养和药用成分的研究

On the Nutrients and Medical Elements in Wild Buckwheat

本文对野生荞麦中的金荞麦(F.cymosum)、细柄野荞麦(F.gracilipes)、硬枝野荞麦(F.urophyllum)和栽培种苦荞(F.tataricum)、甜荞(F.esculentum)的种子进行了蛋白质(protein)、氨基酸(amino acid)、芦丁(rutin)含量的测定,并测定了植株不同器官中的黄酮(flavone)含量。测定结果表明,野生荞麦种子中的蛋白质和必需氨基酸(essential amino acid)含量均高于苦荞和甜荞;芦丁含量则以金荞麦最高,苦荞其次,甜荞最低。金荞麦在茎(stem)、花(flower)、和果实(fruit)中的黄酮含量显著高于苦荞、甜荞和其它野生种,细柄野荞麦、硬枝野荞麦的黄酮含量则与苦荞相当或略低,但明显高于甜荞。因此,野生荞麦是很有开发利用价值的植物资源。

The amounts of protein,amino acid and rutin in the seeds of wild F.cymosum,wild F.gracilipes,wild F.urophyllum,cultivated F.tataricum,and cultivated F.esculentum are determined through experiments,so are the flavone contents in different organs of them.The findings of the test reveal that wild buckwheat seeds contain more protein and essential amino acid than F.tataricum and F.esculentum,and rutin level in F.cymosum is higher that that in F.tataricum,which is in turn higher that that in F.esculentum.The flavone contents in the stems,flowers and fruit of F.cymosum are also found to be noticeably higher than those in F.tataricum,F.esculentum and any other varieties of wild buckwheat.F.gracilipes and F.urophyllum contain almost the same amount of flavone as F.tataricum but far more flavone than F.esculentum.Therefore,wild buckwheat is a resource well worth developing.