涵化与蜕变:一个苗族村寨文化变迁的社会学视野

Acculturation and Transmutation:A Sociological Point of View to the Culture Change of Miao Village

伴随着经济社会的快速发展,化屋苗寨群众的生产生活、文化习俗等方面都发生了较大变化。化屋苗族村寨的这种文化变迁是外因与内因相互作用的结果。即国家意识形态、政策因素是化屋村文化变迁最强有力的动因;民族自我意识是文化变迁的内在动力;旅游开发作为文化变迁的一个助推力,则更进一步推进了当地少数民族文化变迁的步伐。少数民族贫困地区的文化变迁单靠自身是不可能很快地融于现代社会的,只有在外力与内力的相互作用下,才能实现文化的蜕变与重生。

With the burgeoning of the economic societ, the life and production, cultural practices of the mass in Hua Wu Miao Village has changed a lot. Such a cultural change is the result of the interaction of external cause and internal cause. The factors of the national ideology and policy are the most potent drive for the cultural change of Hua Wu Village; The tourist development as another boosting power of cultural change, impels the steps of the local cultural change of minority nationality. The cultural change can not quickly melt into the modern society only by itself, and the transmutation and reviving of it can be realized by the interaction of external and internal forces.