震后幼儿心理重建系统探析

On Post-Earthquake Psychological Reconstruction System of Children

震后幼儿心理重建需要构建以幼儿园为主体的,社会各种力量共同参与的幼儿心理重建社会支持网络。构建以教师疏导、同伴互导及幼儿自助为主体的幼儿园重建微观系统,构建以家庭、心理组织、社区、政府与非政府组织及大众传媒为支撑的中观支持系统,以及创建和谐友好与支持协作的宏观社会大环境,发挥微观、中观及宏观三级幼儿心理重建子系统的互动作用与支持功能。在幼儿心理重建过程中,幼儿园子系统应成为幼儿心理重建的主要阵地。为此,幼儿园应建立健全以园长为领导的,以保健组、保教组及班长会议为指导的,教师疏导及幼儿互导的四级幼儿心理重建体系,通过诊断、计划、实施、评估四个阶段的十二项工作,层层保证、逐步实施,确保幼儿的心理重建工作圆满完成。

The post-earthquake psychological reconstruction system,focusing on kindergartens,calls for all the people from all the walks to join hands in reconstructing the social support network for children＇s post-earthquake psychological reconstruction.The reconstruction includes：reconstructing the micro-system of kindergartens with teachers as counselor,peer workers as guides and children as self-helpers;reconstructing the middle-level system supported by families,psychological organizations,communities,governments and non-governmental organizations and mass media and building up a harmonious,and friendly macro-social environment with good teamwork spirits.Interaction and support function of the above three-level subsystem of children＇s psychological reconstruction—the micro-level,the middle-level and the macro-level should be brought into full play.The kindergarten subsystem should be in the major position in the process of children＇s psychological reconstruction.To this end,the four-level psychological reconstruction system should be established in the kindergarten in which the principal works as the leader and health care groups,teaching-guide groups and team leaders give advice at meetings,teachers afford guidance and children help each other little by little through the twelve tasks at four phases—diagnosis,planning,implementation and evaluation to ensure the children＇s psychological progressive reconstruction will be completed successfully.