碳青霉烯类抗生素的发展与展望

The current development and prospects of carbapenems

碳青霉烯类抗生素为一组具有特定分子结构的β-内酰胺类抗生素,对β-内酰胺酶相当稳定,杀菌活性优于头孢菌素类抗生素,是治疗产超广谱β-内酰胺酶和头孢菌素酶等多重耐药菌所致院内严重感染的首选药物。本文简述碳青霉烯类抗生素的发展史,着重介绍亚胺培南、美罗培南、比阿培南、帕尼培南、多利培南和泰吡培南酯等药物的特点及临床地位。

Carbapenems with a special β-lactam structure are stable to most clinically findingβ-lactamases. They have potent bactericidal activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria,which is superior to that of cephalosporins in safety,efficacy and tolerability.Carbapenems have been used to treat the bacterial infections caused by extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species and multidrug-resistant nosocomial infections.The development history and unique advantages of carbapenems are briefly introduced in this review with focus on the specificity and clinical position of those products including imipenem,meropenem,biapenem,panipenem,doripenem and tibipenem pivoxil.