呼伦贝尔市居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率及患者KAP调查

Awareness,Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Hulunbeier and Hypertension-Related KAP in Patients

目的:了解呼伦贝尔市居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率,评价该地区高血压患者相关知识、信念和行为(KAP)水平。方法:采用多阶段整群抽样的方法,抽取呼伦贝尔市18岁以上居民共1 044人进行问卷调查和血压测量,并对筛查出的309名高血压患者进行高血压相关KAP调查。结果:呼伦贝尔市居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为58.7%、44.2%和10.6%;高血压患者对"高血压诊断标准"和"需坚持长年服药"的知晓率为16.2%、46.9%;"应控制体重"和"应定期测血压"的信念形成为58.7%、59.1%;患者中吸烟率、饮酒率、肥胖率、主动限盐率和每月测血压率为32.7%、42.2%、36.3%、47.5%和42.6%;已知患高血压者KAP水平优于新筛出的患者。结论:呼伦贝尔市居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率有待提高,患者的高血压相关知识知晓率、信念形成率和健康行为的形成率低,应加强该地区高血压筛查和社区综合干预工作。

[Objective] To learn the awareness,treatment and control of hypertension and to assess the knowledge,attitudes,and practices（KAP）among patients with hypertension in Hulunbeier.[Method] A total of 1 088 residents aged over 18 in Hulunbeier selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling method were considered as study subjects for a questionnaire survey and blood pressure measurement.A hypertension-related KAP was conducted in 309 screened patients.[Result] The rate of awareness,treatment and control were 58.7%,44.2% and 10.6%,respectively.16.2% of the patients knew diagnostic criteria of hypertension and 46.9% knew that persons with high BP often should take tablets for many years.58.7% and 59.1% thought it was necessary to keep in appropriate weight and had blood pressure measured regularly.The rates of smoking,drinking,obesity,limiting salt intake and measuring blood pressure every month were 32.7%,42.2%,36.3%,47.5%,and 42.6%.Basic knowledge and attitudes were better in persons aware of being hypertensive than persons unaware of being hypertensive and who were hypertensive.[Conclusion] Awareness,treatment and control of hypertension should be improved in Hulunbeier.Rates of hypertension-related knowledge,attitudes and health behaviors were low.Hypertension screening and community-based comprehensive prevention should be carried out and strengthened in Hulunbeier.