野生动物肇事损害补偿调查

A Survey on Compensation for Damage Caused by Wildlife

对云南、吉林、陕西和西藏4省、自治区的野生动物肇事损害补偿调查表明:野生动物损毁农林作物,伤害人、畜,危害损失逐年加重。主要种类有亚洲象、东北虎、羚牛、黑熊、野猪等,多发生在自然保护区和边远贫困山区。野生动物数量增加、人口增长、人为防范意识不强等是导致野生动物肇事损害严重的主要原因。4省、自治区采取多种措施,实施了野生动物肇事损害的补偿。当前,应尽快修改不适应的法律法规,扩大肇事损害补偿的野生动物范围,明确补偿责任;国家和省财政应加大野生动物肇事损害补偿的投入,降低地、县财政的分摊比例,提高补偿标准;做好野生动物肇事损害的防范措施;安排必要的补偿核查经费;推动全国实施野生动物肇事损害的补偿工作。

We quantified compensation payments for damages caused by wildlife in Yunnan Province,Jilin Province,Shanxi Province,and Tibet Autonomous Region.Wildlife damage to forests and crops,and injuries to people and livestock showed increasing trends.The species causing most damages were Elephas maximus,Panthera tigris altaica,Budorcas taxicolor,Selenarctos thibetanus,and Sus scrofa.Damages occurred in nature reserves and poor remote mountain areas.The main reasons for damage caused by wildlife were wildlife population growth and the limited human awareness of how to prevent wildlife damage. Each of the four study areas had implemented compensation programs for damage caused by wildlife.We conclude that revision is needed for laws and regulations,and that the list of wildlife species should be expanded to include more species that inflict damage.The institutional responsibility for payment of compensation should be clarified.National and provincial finance should increase funding for compensation while county level payments should be reduced.The compensation levels should be increased. Measures are needed to prevent wildlife damage and more funding is needed for inspection of claims.Compensation programs should be promoted throughout China.