不同品种烤烟鲜叶表面提取物的主要成分分析

Analysis of Major Cuticular Components from Green Leaf of Different Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties

选择贵州省4个主要烟草品种,分下、中、上3个部位采收成熟鲜叶,用二氯甲烷提取叶表面物质进行分析检测。结果表明,烤烟鲜烟叶表面提取物主要包括烟碱、酮类、萜烯类和烷烃类。烟碱含量最高,酮类含量甚微。萜烯类物质是烟草叶表面提取物的主要成分,主要是西柏烷类,包括西柏烷、西柏三烯一醇和西柏三烯二醇。西柏三烯二醇含量高于西柏三烯一醇,β-西柏三烯醇二醇含量较α-西柏三烯醇二醇稍多。烷烃类主要是三十烷以上的高级烷烃,含量较多。不同品种鲜叶表面提取物总量存在明显差异,南江3号最低,K326次低,贵烟201较高,云烟85最高。

The major cuticular components from green leaves of three plant positions from four flue-cured tobacco varieties grown in Guizhou were analyzed after extracted with methylene chloride.The result showed that the major cuticular components of green leaves were nicotine,ketones,terpenes and hydrocarbons.Among which,nicotine was the highest and ketones were the least.Terpenes were the main cuticular components from green tobacco leaves,majority of them were cembrenoids,including cembrenoid,cembratriene-ol and cembratriene-diol.There was more cembratriene-diol than cembratriene-ol,as was more β-cembratriene-diol than α-cembratriene-diol.There were good amount of hydrocarbons;most of them were triacontanic high hydrocarbons.There was considerable difference of major cuticular components among varieties.From low to high,four varieties ranked as Nanjiang 3 to K326 to Guiyan 201 to Yunyan 85.