我国法律义务定义观之检讨——以权利附带定义观为主线

Reexamining the Definition of Legal Obligations:On the conception that obligation is ancillary to right

我国传统的法律义务定义观事实上已成为人们理解法律义务的樊篱,特别是"权利附带定义观"将义务概念的阐释附着于权利,在一定程度上导致义务研究的滞后,造成权利义务研究的失衡。权利和义务是法学的一对基本范畴,两者相辅相成,不存在主次关系,重权利,轻义务研究,权利只能是空壳。对法律义务定义观进行反思,建立独立分析框架,厘清义务概念定义中似是而非的问题,才能给出相对科学合理的定义,有利于法律义务研究的深化,法学及法制实践才能有坚实的基础。

The traditional definition of legal obligations has in fact become a barrier to understanding legal obligation,in particular the conception that obligation is ancillary to right,which hinders research into obligations and causes the imbalance in research on rights and obligations.Rights and obligations are two equal and complementary legal categories.Emphasis on research on rights only would give a hollow conception of rights.A scientific definition of legal obligations,deepening knowledge of legal obligations,and jurisprudence and legal practice with sound foundation will not be achieved without reflection of the definition of legal obligations,an independent framework of analysis and clarification of issues in the definition of legal obligations.