主成分分析在潮土土壤肥力评价中的应用

Evaluation of Fluvo-aquic Soil Fertility Quality with the Method of Principal Component Analyses

利用主成分分析法评价不同施肥措施对土壤肥力质量的作用。在对河南潮土长期定位监测的基础上,对土壤进行了理化性质测试,选择其中的有机质,全氮、全磷、缓效钾、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和pH值等项目作为评价指标,应用主成分分析法,对11个不同施肥方式下的土壤肥力进行综合评价。结果表明,各处理土壤肥力指标依次为1.5MNPK>MNPK、MNPK(2)、SNPK>NPK>NK、PK、NP>O、CK、N(O表示撂荒、不施肥,CK表示种植、不施肥,N、P、K、M、S分别表示施用氮、磷、钾、有机肥、玉米秸秆还田)。并用聚类分析法进行验证,2种评价方法得出的结论基本一致。长期不均衡施肥造成了土壤肥力水平低下,生产力不足,而长期施用有机肥和化肥的处理土壤肥力较高,通过主成分分析,更科学、全面地反映了土壤的肥力水平。

Based on the long-term location monitoring of fluvo-aquic soil fertility in Henan,the soil physical and chemical characteristics were measured.The organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,slowly-available potassium,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and pH value（eight indexes）were chosen as evaluation indexes in principal component analyses.The results showed that fluvo-aquic soil fertility quality of eleven treatments was 1.5 MNPKMNPK,MNPK（2）,SNPKNPKNK,PK,NPO,CK,N（O represented soil abandoned and no fertilizer;M,N,P,K and S separately represented nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,organic matter and corn stock）.The results were the same as those by cluster analysis on the whole.The results of principal component analyses could reflect soil fertility more scientifically and comprehensively.