乾隆十三年苏松聚众阻粜案述论

A Study of the 1748 Collective Boycotting of Rice Sales in Suzhou and Songjiang Areas

乾隆十三年,经济重地苏州、松江地区,因为米价持续上涨,民众采用阻止出粜和抢夺米铺的极端做法,酿成大规模集体抗争事件。案件发生后,清廷中央和地方官府的反应迅速及时,采取的措施比清初处理同样事件更为明确有力。事件促使清廷修订相关法律条令,着眼于事后惩处和事前震慑,地方则一定程度上改变仓储制度,适当调整仓粮存储比例,以平抑粮价,消弭或减少大规模群体抗争事件的发生。

In Qianlong thirteen years(1748),due to the soaring rice price in the economically important areas of Suzhou and Songjiang,local commoners resorted to the violent actions of boycotting rice sales and robbing rice-shops,and thus caused the incident of a large scale collective struggle.When the case occurred,both the Qing court in Beijing and the local government reacted quickly and took more explicit and powerful measures than those of the early Qing government when dealing with the similar situation.This incident pushed the Qing court to revise the relevant regulations,emphasizing heavily on the punishment afterwards and deterrence previously.The local government also made certain changes of the storage regulations.By adjusting the ratio of grain reserves,they tried to keep the price steady and therefore eliminate or reduce the occurrence of large scale collective struggles.