不同采收期对凉香苹果果实贮藏品质的影响

Effects of Different Harvest Times on the Storage Quality of Liangxiang Apple

以凉香苹果果实为试材,分5批采收,测定不同采收期果实的理化指标,探讨不同采收期对果实后期贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,在辽宁熊岳地区,9月21日和25日采收的凉香苹果,在贮藏过程中品质能够得到较好的保持,且贮后180 d果实的硬度分别为7.84 kg/cm2和7.76 kg/cm2,可溶性固形物含量分别为12.27%和13.24%,维生素C含量分别为0.047 5 mg/g和0.047 0 mg/g,腐烂率分别为3.26%和2.87%。果实采收期过早,内部物质积累不足,从而大大降低果实的耐贮藏性,果实失重率和腐烂率均较高;采收期过晚,由于果实内部酶活性物质含量较高,物质降解速率增加,使得果实的贮藏性能降低,果肉硬度下降,果实水分散失,品质降低。

In this paper,the storage qualities of fruits of Liangxiang apple of 5 different harvest times were studied.The result indicated that the storage quality of fruits of Liangxiang apple which were picked on 21st and 25th September,was the best,and the hardness of fruits which was stored after 180 days was respectively 7.76kg/cm2 and 7.84kg/cm2,the contents of soluble solid were respectively 12.27% and 13.24%,the contents of Vc were respectively 0.0475 mg/g and 0.0470 mg/g,the rotting rate was 3.26% and 2.87%.If fruits were harvested too early,lack of internal material accumulation could induce greatly reducing of storability of fruits,increasing of loss rate of fruit weight and decay rate of fruits;but if fruits were harvested too late,the higher levels of active substances within the fruit could induce the increasing of material degradation rate,greatly reducing of the storability of fruits and hardness of pulp,loss of water in fruit,lowering of quality.