生物质甘油制备环氧氯丙烷的研究

Preparation of Epichlorohydrin from Biomass Glycerol

研究了以生物质甘油为原料通过氯代与环化2步制备环氧氯丙烷。考察了磺酸树脂、硫酸、磷酸、乙酸和己二酸等为催化剂时,时间、温度和催化剂用量对中间产物二氯丙醇的收率以及反应速率的影响,并对其催化机理进行了探讨。结果表明:以己二酸和乙腈组合为催化剂的催化效果最好。在环化反应生成环氧氯丙烷中,考察了水、甲苯、正丁醚、正辛醇和二氯乙烷等溶剂对反应的影响,筛选到环化反应的最适宜反应温度为95℃,时间为2.5 h,以甲苯为溶剂进行反应,环氧氯丙烷收率可达95%。

Epichlorohydrin was prepared by chlorination and cyclization from biomass glyserol.When phosphoric acid,sulfuric acid,sulfonic acid resin,acetic acid,acetonitrile and adipic acid were used as catalysts respectively,effects of reaction time,temperature,catalyst composition on the yield of intermediate dichloropropanol and the reaction rate were investigated.And the catalytic mechanism was also discussed.The results show that the combination of adipic acid and acetonitrile is the best catalyst.On the cyclization of dichloropropanol to epichlorhydrin,the effects of different solvents such as water,toluene,n-butyl ether,n-octanol and ethylene dichloride were studied,and the optimum reaction temperature 95 ℃ and time 2.5 h of the cyclization were obtained,the yield of epichlorohydrin was up to 95% in solvent toluene.