祁东县农村青少年健康危险行为现状调查

Survey on Current Status of Health Risk Behaviors Among Rural Adolescents in Qidong County

目的了解祁东县农村青少年健康危险行为的现状和流行趋势。方法采取多阶段抽样方法,从祁东县29所初中、高中、职高中抽取5所学校各年级学生,用统一调查表进行问卷调查。结果调查2 249名学生,每天饮用牛奶少于1杯和未吃蔬菜的学生分别为85.0%和24.3%;1个月内不安全骑车和在高速公路上行走的学生分别为60.4%和25.7%,19.6%的学生过去1年到非安全场所游泳,88.2%学生7 d内每天运动时间不足1 h;1年中,31.2%的学生曾打架,有27.5%和39.9%的学生分别有自杀和离家出走意念;17.6%的学生1年内曾醉酒,0.3%和6.4%的学生曾使用过毒品和擅自使用安眠药;38.9%和23.8%的学生上网不能自控和参加过赌博;3.9%的高中和职高学生有性行为史,38.7%和82.1%的高中及职高学生分别曾接受青春期教育和艾滋病知识教育。在打架、吸烟、饮酒、网络成瘾、到非安全场所游泳、观看色情书籍及制品等指标中,男女性别间差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论农村青少年中健康危险行为问题严重,应加强健康教育和行为干预。

Objective To investigate the current situation and trend of health risk behaviors in rural adolescents of Qidong County.Methods Multi-stage sampling survey was conducted to select 5 schools from total 29 junior middle,high and vocational schools in Qidong County.All the students were investigated via the uniform questionnaire.Results Among 2,249 students investigated,85.0% drank less than one glass of milk and 24.3% did not eat vegetable every day.60.4% rode a bicycle in danger and 25.7% walked on the highway in the past one month.88.2% took exercises less than one hour every day in a week.In the past one year,19.6% had ever swum in unsafe water areas,31.2% had ever fought,27.5% had the idea of suicide and 39.9% had the idea of leaving home,17.6% had ever been drunk,0.3% admitted to using illegal drugs,6.4% took sleeping potion without permission,38.9% obsessed themselves surfing on web and 23.8% had ever taken part in gambling.3.9% students in high schools and vocational schools had ever experienced sexual behaviors,38.7% had ever attended health education about adolescence and 82.1% attended health education about AIDS.There were statistically significant differences in behavioral data on fighting,smoking,drinking,addicting to web,swimming in unsafe water area,and reading erotica books between male and female（all P〈0.01）.Conclusions Health risk behaviors of adolescents in rural areas are prevalent and deserve to conduct health education and behavioral interventions.