闪光对神马菊花花期的影响试验

Effect of intermittent light burst on flowering and quality of Shenma Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel

【目的】通过暗期闪光处理对菊花进行光周期诱导,从而控制菊花花期并降低菊花周年生产成本。【方法】以神马菊花为试验材料,在自然短日照条件下,设主处理:光强I1150W、I2300W两个水平;副处理:闪光开始时间B122:00、B223:00、B300:003个水平,持续时间D15min、D215min、D330min3个水平,研究闪光处理对神马菊花花期及品质的影响。【结果】暗期闪光处理能有效抑制神马菊花现蕾,抑制效果达94.44%以上;经处理后的鲜切菊花具有较高的品质,其一级率达61.11%,二级率达38.89%。【结论】综合评价以处理I2B2D1表现最佳,即光强300W、闪光开始时间23:00、闪光持续时间5min处理可有效控制神马菊花花期,切花品质达到一级,且能节约大量电能,降低生产成本。

[Objective]The present research was conducted to study the effect of flash on flowering stage and quality of Shenma Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel, in order to reduce annual production cost of Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel. [Method]Shenma Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel was exposed to intermittent burst of different light intensities （ I1 150 W, I2 300 W） with the beginning of light at 22：00 （B1）, 23：00 （B2） and 00：00 （B3） O＇clock for the duration of 5 （D1）, 15 （D2） and 30 （D3） min to induce the photoperiod of Shenma Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel under natural short-day conditions. [Result]The intermittent light burst treatments effectively restrained bolting in Shenma Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel, and the inhibition ratio was found more than 94.44%. The quality of fresh-cut flower Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel was found better after intermittent light burst treatments, of which first degree quality rate reached 61.11% and 38.89%, respectively, in comprehensive evaluation. [Conclusion]Treatment I2B2D1 （I2 300 W, B2 23：00, D1 5 min） was found to effectively control the flowering stage of Shenma Dendranthema morifolium Tzvel, and the quality of its fresh-cut flower reached the first grade. This treatment could save a large mount of labour and reduce production cost.